Policy Proposal: Making Adoption Accessible and Reforming the Foster Care System Nationwide
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Purpose
Every child deserves a stable, loving home where they feel safe, valued, and supported. Families across the country dream of adopting a child and completing their households, yet many are prevented from doing so by the overwhelming financial burden and complex, frustrating bureaucracy of the current adoption system. Meanwhile, over 400,000 children in the U.S. foster care system—many in temporary or overcrowded settings—wait for permanent homes. These children long for the stability, love, and support that a family can provide, but barriers within private adoption and failures in the foster care system keep too many from finding their “forever” families.
This policy aims to remove financial barriers to adoption, ensuring that qualified families aren’t priced out of the opportunity to adopt. It also calls for deep reform and increased funding for the foster care system, which too often leaves children underserved and at risk. By prioritizing these objectives, we can better connect children with caring families, reduce placement disruptions, and provide consistent support to foster parents and caseworkers alike.
Objectives
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Make Adoption Affordable for All
Currently, private adoption costs range from $30,000 to $70,000, putting adoption out of reach for many families who could otherwise provide a loving, stable home. Public welfare adoptions, on the other hand, are often free or come at a very low cost. This disparity reflects a system that favors the financial gain of private agencies over the needs of children and families. Our policy seeks to cap adoption costs at a standardized, affordable flat rate, with funding for qualified adoptions covered through taxpayer or federal funds. This change would eliminate excessive fees and make adoption accessible to more families . -
Reform the Foster Care System
The U.S. foster care system faces multiple challenges, including underfunded programs, high caseworker turnover, and an inadequate support structure for children and foster families. Overloaded caseworkers and limited resources result in placement instability and children “aging out” of the system without the skills or support they need for independence. Our policy aims to streamline the foster care process, increase support for foster families, and introduce accountability measures that ensure a child-centered approach in every aspect of foster care . -
Massive Funding for Foster Care and Caseworker Support
High turnover and burnout rates among caseworkers lead to inconsistent care for children and overburdened foster families. This policy advocates for substantial funding increases to raise caseworker salaries, reduce caseloads, and provide comprehensive training programs. Increased funding will also allow for more resources, such as mental health services for foster children, educational support, and respite care for foster parents. These reforms will create a more sustainable, supportive system that better serves children’s needs.
Key Provisions
1. Adoption Fee Reform
- Affordable Flat Rate: Set a manageable, flat-rate fee for adoption that caps private agency costs and prevents prohibitive expenses, ensuring fair access to adoption for all qualified families.
- Funding Through Public Sources: Cover adoption fees through taxpayer or federal funds to make adoption financially accessible for families across all income levels.
2. Streamlined and Fair Qualification Process
- Transparent and Efficient Vetting: The qualification process for adoptive and foster parents will be clear, accessible, and manageable, with requirements focused on the capacity to provide a safe, nurturing environment.
- Comprehensive but Manageable Requirements: Requirements will be thorough yet streamlined, ensuring a balance between safeguarding children and reducing unnecessary obstacles for capable families.
3. System of Regular Checks and Balances in Foster Care
- Regular Support and Monitoring: By implementing consistent check-ins, we can ensure foster families have the support needed to provide a stable environment for children. This also helps address potential issues early, reducing placement disruptions.
- Ensuring a Child-Centered Approach: Increased funding and resources for mental health, educational support, and stability-focused placements will create an environment in which children can thrive .
4. Increased Funding for Foster Care and Caseworker Support
- Increased Salaries and Benefits for Caseworkers: Caseworkers often earn about $48,000 annually, despite the demanding nature of their work. Raising salaries to align with social work pay scales, such as $55,000–$70,000, will improve retention and reduce turnover, creating stability for children and families oai_citation:6,US Foster Care Statistics 2024: Data & Trends [Updated] oai_citation:5,Improving the Foster Care and Adoption Systems in the United States | Issues.
- Reduced Caseloads Through Workforce Expansion: The average caseload often exceeds 20 cases per worker, despite best-practice recommendations of 12–15 cases. Funding additional positions will allow for manageable caseloads, enabling caseworkers to provide more individualized attention oai_citation:4,Improving the Foster Care and Adoption Systems in the United States | Issues.
- Resources for Foster Families: Increased funding will ensure foster families have access to necessary resources, such as mental health services, educational support, and respite care. These resources are essential in managing the needs of children who have experienced trauma and instability oai_citation:3,The Failures and Future of the U.S. Foster Care System - The Policy Circle oai_citation:2,White House Proposed Budget Holds Unprecedented Focus on Foster Care.
- Recruitment and Retention Incentives: Loan forgiveness, signing bonuses, tuition assistance, and advancement programs will attract skilled individuals to the field, reducing turnover and ensuring children receive consistent, high-quality support from experienced professionals oai_citation:1,Improving the Foster Care and Adoption Systems in the United States | Issues.
Guiding Principles
- Child-Focused: Every provision in adoption and foster care reform should prioritize the well-being of the child, emphasizing safety, stability, and emotional support.
- Accessible and Friendly Process: Both foster and adoptive parents should navigate a transparent, supportive process without excessive barriers.
- Commitment to Systemic Change: To create lasting impact, this policy includes a commitment to ongoing evaluation and improvement of adoption and foster care practices.
Vision
This policy envisions a future in which all children in need of a home can be placed with a family, free from financial or procedural obstacles. By investing in foster care and adoption reform, we can reduce the number of children aging out of the system without support—a situation currently linked to higher risks of homelessness, incarceration, and unemployment. We aim to provide every child the chance to thrive in a safe, loving, and permanent home .